本文共 9869 字，大约阅读时间需要 32 分钟。

java条形码和二维码解析

条形码（一维码）

• 条形码（barcode）
  – 将宽度不等的多个黑条和空白，按照一定的编码规则排列，用以表达一组信息的图形标识符
  – 通常代表一串数字/字母，每一位有特殊含义
  – 一般数据容量30个数字/字母
  – 专门机构管理：中国物品编码中心

二维码

• 二维码，二维条形码
  – 用某种特定的几何图形按一定规律在平面（二维方向上）分布的黑白相间的图形记录数据符号信息
  – 比一维条形码能存更多信息，表示更多数据类型
  – 能够存储数字/字母/汉字/图片等信息
  – 字符集128个字符
  – 可存储几百到几十KB字符
  – 抗损坏

二维码解析

java是没有解析二维码的库，我们只能依赖第三方jar包

Zxing(Zebra Crossin)

• Zxing(Zebra Crossing)
  – Google出品
  – 支持1D和2D的Barcode
  – 主要类
  • BitMatrix位图矩阵
  • MultiFormatWriter位图编写器
  • MatrixToImageWriter写入图片

Zxing 代码示例

pom.xml引入

         
    
     com.google.zxing
          
    
     core
          
    
     3.3.3
        
       
   	    
    
     com.google.zxing
    	    
    
     javase
    	    
    
     3.3.3
    	
   

一维码生成及解析代码示例

package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.zxing;import com.google.zxing.*;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;/** * @ClassName：BarCodeTest * @Description： * @author: Torey */public class BarCodeTest {
       /**     * 根据code生成相应的一维码     * @param file 一维码目标文件     * @param code 一维码内容     * @param width 图片宽度     * @param height 图片高度     */    public static void generateCode(File file, String code,int width,int height){
           //定义位图矩阵BitMatrix        BitMatrix matrix=null;        try{
               //使用code_128格式进行表面生成100*25的条形码            MultiFormatWriter writer = new MultiFormatWriter();            matrix= writer.encode(code,BarcodeFormat.CODE_128,width,height,null);            // matrix= writer.encode(code,BarcodeFormat.EAN_13,width,height,null);        }catch (Exception ex){
   ex.printStackTrace();}        //将位图矩阵BitMatrix保存为图片        try(FileOutputStream outStream =new FileOutputStream(file)){
               ImageIO.write(MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(matrix),"png",outStream);            outStream.flush();        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();        }    }    public static void main(String[] args){
           generateCode(new File("1dcode.png"),"123456789012",500,250);        readCode(new File("1dcode.png"));    }    /**     * 解析一维码     * @param file     */    private static void readCode(File file) {
          try{
              BufferedImage read = ImageIO.read(file);           if (null==read) {
                  return;           }           BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(read);           BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));           Map
   
     hints=new HashMap<>();           hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"GBK");           hints.put(DecodeHintType.PURE_BARCODE,Boolean.TRUE);           hints.put(DecodeHintType.TRY_HARDER,Boolean.TRUE);           Result decode = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);           System.out.println("条形码的内容是："+decode.getText());       }catch (Exception ex){
   }    }}
   

二维码生成及解析示例代码

package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.zxing;import com.google.zxing.*;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.File;import java.nio.file.Path;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;/** * @ClassName：QRCodeTest * @Description：二维码 * @author: Torey */public class QRCodeTest {
       /*    定义二维码的宽高     */    private static int WIDTH=300;    private static int HEIGHT=300;    private static String FORMAT="png";//二维码格式    //生成二维码    public static void generateQRCode(File file, String content){
           //定义二维码参数        Map
   
     hints=new HashMap<>();        //设置编码        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"utf-8");        //设置容错等级        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION,ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);        //设置边距默认是5        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN,2);        try{
               //把内容写进二维码中            BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, WIDTH, HEIGHT, hints);            Path path = file.toPath();            //写入指定路径下            MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix,FORMAT,path);        }catch (Exception ex){
               ex.printStackTrace();        }    }    public static void main(String[] args){
           generateQRCode(new File("2dcode.png"),"http://www.baidu.com");        readQrCode(new File("2dcode.png"));    }    private static void readQrCode(File file) {
           MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader();        try{
               BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(file);            BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image)));            Map
    
      hints=new HashMap();            hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"utf-8");//设置编码            Result result = reader.decode(binaryBitmap, hints);            System.out.println("解析结果为：" + reader.toString());            System.out.println("二维码格式为："+result.getBarcodeFormat());            System.out.println("二维码文本内容为："+result.getText());        }catch (Exception ex){
           }    }}
    
   

Barcode4J

• Barcode4J
  – 纯Java实现的条形码生成
  – 只负责生成，不负责解析
  – 主要类：
  • BarcodeUtil
  • BarcodeGenerator
  • DefaultConfiguration
    

  Barcode4J 代码示例

  pom.xml引入

         
    
     net.sf.barcode4j
          
    
     barcode4j
          
    
     2.1
        
       
         
    
     org.apache.avalon.framework
          
    
     avalon-framework-api
          
    
     4.3.1
        
   

Barcode4J 生成一维码代码示例：

package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.barcode4j;import org.krysalis.barcode4j.impl.code39.Code39Bean;import org.krysalis.barcode4j.output.bitmap.BitmapCanvasProvider;import org.krysalis.barcode4j.tools.UnitConv;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;/** * @ClassName：BarCodeTest * @Description：barcode4j 生成一维码 * @author: Torey */public class BarCodeTest {
       public static void main(String[] args){
           String msg="1234567891122AAs";        String path="1dcode4j.png";        generateFile(msg,path);    }    private static void generateFile(String msg, String path) {
           File file = new File(path);        try{
               //Code39 EAN13 都是一维条形码的不同标注            Code39Bean code39Bean = new Code39Bean();            //EAN13Bean ean13Bean = new EAN13Bean();            //dpi精度 像素精度            final int dpi=150;            //module宽度            //bean.setModuleWidth(0.2)            final double width=UnitConv.in2mm(2.0f/dpi);            code39Bean.setWideFactor(3);            code39Bean.setModuleWidth(width);            code39Bean.doQuietZone(false);            String formar="image/png";            //输出到流            BitmapCanvasProvider canvasProvider = new BitmapCanvasProvider(new FileOutputStream(file), formar, dpi, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_BINARY, false, 0);            //生成条形码            code39Bean.generateBarcode(canvasProvider,msg);            //结束绘制            canvasProvider.finish();        }catch (Exception ex){
               ex.printStackTrace();        }    }}

Barcode4J 生成二维码代码示例：

package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.barcode4j;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.Configuration;import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.DefaultConfiguration;import org.krysalis.barcode4j.BarcodeGenerator;import org.krysalis.barcode4j.BarcodeUtil;import org.krysalis.barcode4j.output.bitmap.BitmapCanvasProvider;import org.krysalis.barcode4j.tools.MimeTypes;/** * @ClassName：DataMatrixCodeTest * @Description： * @author: Torey */public class DataMatrixCodeTest {
       public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
           generateCode("2dcode4j.png","hello ,你好吗？");    }private static void generateCode(String path,String msg){
           try{
       BarcodeUtil util = BarcodeUtil.getInstance();    BarcodeGenerator gen = util.createBarcodeGenerator(buildCfg("datamatrix"));    OutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("2dcode4j.png");    int resolution = 300;    BitmapCanvasProvider canvas = new BitmapCanvasProvider(fout, "image/png", resolution,            BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_BINARY, false, 0);    gen.generateBarcode(canvas, msg);    canvas.finish();        }catch (Exception ex){
               ex.printStackTrace();        }}    private static Configuration buildCfg(String type) {
           DefaultConfiguration cfg = new DefaultConfiguration("barcode");        // Bar code type        DefaultConfiguration child = new DefaultConfiguration(type);        cfg.addChild(child);        // Human readable text position        DefaultConfiguration attr = new DefaultConfiguration("human-readable");//		DefaultConfiguration subAttr = new DefaultConfiguration("placement");//		subAttr.setValue("bottom");//		attr.addChild(subAttr);//		child.addChild(attr);//		datamatrix code has no human-readable part//		see http://barcode4j.sourceforge.net/2.1/symbol-datamatrix.html        attr = new DefaultConfiguration("height");        attr.setValue(50);        child.addChild(attr);        attr = new DefaultConfiguration("module-width");        attr.setValue("0.6");        child.addChild(attr);        return cfg;    }}

转载地址：http://gpjj.baihongyu.com/